The primary foundation of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) is the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and Additional Protocols of 1977. Another name for International Humanitarian Law (IHL) is the Laws of Armed Conflict (LOAC). If enough States follow a certain practice, and the international community believes that such practice is required as a matter of law, then a law may become ‘customary’. It applies to all parties in a conflict, and in all areas in the conflict (with a few very specific regional variations). Customary law, on the other hand, is a set of general internationally applicable rules by which all States – and even non-State actors – are bound. Treaty law covers treaties and conventions that States opt to sign or not. International Human Rights Law and Cultural Rights.Customary Law, International Humanitarian Law and the Laws of Armed Conflict.
Treaty Law and the 1954 Hague Convention.
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